膜系统故障的诊断与防治

膜系统存在的问题一般有化学裂化、物理破损、膜性能的下降等表现。脱盐率下降是比较具有代表性的现象,表现为产水电导率上升、运行压力增加、压力损失增加等。膜元件表现的问题有时是膜元件自身以外的原因导致的故障症状。在调查原因时,一般是主要精力集中在选择抗污染膜、选择适宜孔径的膜、对水样进行预处理等分析上。通过对原水水质的分析及运行记录的查阅,在发现膜系统发生故障时,对取得正确判断是不可缺少的。

Diagnosis and Prevention of Membrane System Malfunction

The failure of the membrane element usually appears as membrane performance degradation,physical damage and chemical cracking.A more representative phenomenon is the decrease in the salt rejection of the membrane element(water conductivity increases),change in water production(increase or decrease in operating pressure)and increase in pressure loss(pressure difference).Symptoms of failure that occur outside the membrane element itself are often also present on the membrane element.Therefore,when investigating the reasons,it is often always focused on the selection of anti-contamination membranes,the selection of membranes with suitable pore sizes,and the pretreatment of water samples.When the membrane system is found to be faulty,it is indispensable to obtain a correct judgment by checking the operation record and analyzing the raw water quality.