全球价值链嵌入的生产率效应——基于双向嵌入视角

本文通过构建全球价值链(GVC)后向嵌入深度前向嵌入深度指标,分别测算了中国制造业行业双向嵌入全球价值链的深度,并利用2008-2013年中国微观企业数据分析和检验GVC双向嵌入深度与企业生产率之间的关系。实证的结果表明:①中国行业的GVC后向嵌入深度与企业全要素生产率存在“U”型关系,GVC前向嵌入深度与企业生产率存在倒“U”型关系。②中国的GVC后向嵌入的生产率效应会受到企业出口规模的影响,出口企业的生产率受到GVC后向嵌入的作用比非出口企业大。③中低技术行业的GVC后嵌入深度对企业的生产率呈正“U”型的关系,来自发达国家的“低端锁定”限制几乎对中低技术行业的企业没有影响。

Productivity Effects Embedded in Global Value Chains: Based on a Two-way Embedding Perspective

This paper measures the depth of the two-way embedded global value chain of the Chinese manufacturing industry by constructing the global value chain(GVC)backward embedded depth and forward embedded depth indicators,and analyzes and verifies the relationship between the two-way embedded depth and enterprise productivity of GVC by using Chinese micro-enterprise data from 2008 to 2013.The empirical results show that:①There is a"U"relationship between the of GVC backward embedded depth in China's industry and the total factor productivity of enterprises,and there is an inverted"U"relationship between the GVC forward embedded depth and enterprise productivity.②The productivity effect of China's GVC backward embedding will be affected by the export scale of enterprises,and the productivity of exporting enterprises will be greater than that of non-exporting enterprises.③The backward embedded depth of GVC in the low-and medium-tech industries has a positive"U"relationship to the productivity of enterprises.The"low-end lock-in"restrictions from developed countries have almost no impact on enterprises in the low-and medium-tech industries.