数字技术赋能服务业生产率：理论机制与经验证据

本文基于理论模型阐释数字技术对服务业生产率的影响，分析高技能劳动力与市场化水平对二者关系的调节效应，并从数字产业的发展与数字技术的应用等维度构建指标体系，测算2011—2019年中国30个省份的数字技术水平，实证检验数字技术对服务业生产率的影响与异质性冲击。结果表明：（1）数字技术对服务业生产率有显著的赋能效应；（2）数字技术对服务业生产率的赋能效应在中西部地区更加凸显，在东部地区暂未显现；（3）数字技术对服务业生产率的影响更加偏向于批发和零售业，交通运输、仓储和邮政业，金融业，房地产业等数据要素投入较多的行业；（4）高技能劳动力更易适应数字技术带来的变化，能够强化数字技术对服务业生产率的赋能；（5）市场化水平的提高能够进一步释放数字技术红利，从而显著增强数字技术对服务业生产率的积极影响。

Digital Technology Empowers Productivity of Services Industry:Theoretical Mechanisms and Empirical Evidence

This paper proposes a theoretical model to explain the impact of digital technology on the productivity of the service industry, analyzing the moderating effects of highly skilled labor and the level of marketization. Then, it constructs a digital technology indicator system from the dimensions of the development of the digital industry and the application of digital technology,calculates the provincial level of digital technology in China from 2011 to 2019, and empirically tests the impact of digital technology on the productivity of the service industry and the impact of heterogeneity.It is found that: (1) digital technology has a significant empowerment effect on the service industry productivity; (2) the empowerment effect of digital technology on the service industry productivity is more prominent in the central and western regions, while it is less obvious in the eastern region; (3) the impact on the service industry productivity is more inclined towards industries with more data elements such as the wholesale and retail, the transportation, warehousing and postal, the financial, and the real estate; (4) high skilled labor is easier to adapt to changes brought by digital technology, and strengthens the empowerment of digital technology to the productivity of the service industry; (5) the increase in the level of marketization can further release the dividends of digital technology, thereby significantly enhancing the positive impact of digital technology on the productivity of the service industry.