收入范畴的演化:从斯密到马克思

斯密根据他的外在观察法提出了收入范畴,但他并没有真正理解收入,并将收入与内在观察法的研究混为一谈,以至于给自己带来灾难。对于斯密的双重观察法,马克思既肯定了他的合理之处,又批判了他的肤浅性。在此基础上,马克思发现了社会表面上的收入现象是资本运动内在规定的颠倒反映。据此,对收入进行切近的规定之后,开始研究资本运动,最后又回到收入上,既再现了具体总体,形成了《资本论》的第五大范畴,又批判了资产阶级及其理论家的错误。

The Evolution of Income Categories:From Smith to Marx

Smith put forward the term income categories using his external observing approach,but failed to understand the real meaning of income,even confused income with his research into internal observing approach,which led to the disastrous end. On the one hand,Marx confirmed the reasonableness of Smith'sdouble observing approaches. On the other hand,Marx criticized the shallowness of the approaches. Based on this understanding,Marx observed that the social income phenomenon was the reverse reflection of the inne...