集聚经济、基础设施与制造业全要素生产率:来自中国207个地级市的证据

随着我国经济高质量发展战略的实施,经济发展的基础设施有了很大改进。地区基础设施改进会从外部性上促进企业内部和企业之间的有效连接,降低物流成本和交易成本,提高产业全要素生产率。在基础设施变化条件下,我国分地区集聚经济对全要素生产率提升的影响差异需作分类研究,以便深入讨论产业经济高质量发展问题。使用PSTR模型,引入非期望产出的GML指数,以及有关计算产业集聚和相关多样化的指标,实证研究不同地区制造业集聚经济随着基础设施变化影响全要素生产率的机制。结果显示:产业集聚与相关多样性均对全要素生产率产生非线性影响,并基本为正;集聚经济对GML指数的正向作用小于传统的全要素生产率;集聚经济与全要素生产率的非线性关系在不同地区表现出不同的特征,东部地区出现过度集聚现象;人力资本、研发投入和外商投资均随着基础设施增加对全要素生产率产生更强的正向作用,东部地区政府干预促进当地生产水平,中西部地区政府干预作用随着基础设施增加而降低。

Agglomeration Economy,Infrastructure and TFP:An Evidence from 207 County-level Cities in China

The infrastructure has been greatly improved with the implementation of the policy of high-quality economic development in China.The regional infrastructure will reduce the cost of transportation and transaction,and promote the industrial total factor productivity(TFP).The impact of regional agglomeration on TFP is different with regard to national heterogeneity and infrastructure change.This paper uses PSTR model to study the influence of manufacturing agglomeration economy on TFP with the change of infrastructure in different regions,via calculating GML index as TFP,industrial related diversity and agglomeration as agglomeration economy.The results show that:(1)Industrial agglomeration and related diversity have non-linear impacts on GML,and are basically positive;(2)The positive effect of agglomeration economy on GML index is less than that of TFP without regard to the undesired factors;(3)The non-linear relationship between agglomeration economy and GML shows different characteristics in different regions,and there is excessive agglomeration in the eastern region;(4)With the improvement of infrastructure,human capital,R&D and foreign direct investment all have stronger positive effects on GML.Government intervention in the eastern region promotes industrial production,while hindering industrial production with the increase of infrastructure in the central and western regions.