FDI对东道国经济发展的溢出效应:文献综述

对国内外FDI溢出效应的实证研究和理论研究进行了系统回顾。大多数实证研究发现,FDI的行业间溢出效应尤其是后向关联溢出效应显著为正,而行业内溢出效应并不显著或为负向溢出效应;技术差距、交流成本以及FDI进入方式是影响FDI溢出效应的重要因素。理论研究发现:适当的技术差距和市场容量能使FDI进入产生明显的后向关联效应,并增加上下游行业的产出,同时会促使跨国公司向本地供应商进行非排他性的技术扩散;中间产品的多样化和市场竞争结构显著影响FDI后向关联溢出效应——这是实证研究很少涉及的部分,是未来进一步研究的重点。

Spillover Effect of FDI on Economic Development of Host Country:Literature Review

This paper systematically reviews the empirical studies and theoretical studies on the spillover effect of FDI.Most empirical results show as follows:the inter-industry spillover effect of FDI,especially backward linkages spillover is significantly positive,while the intra-industry spillover effect is not significant or negative;technology gap,communication cost and FDI entry mode are important factors affecting the spillover effect.The theoretical results show as follows:the appropriate technology gap and market capacity are important factors,which makes the backward linkages effect of FDI more significant,and enhances the output of upstream and downstream industry,meanwhile encourage multinational companies to diffuse technology to local suppliers without exclusivity;the diversification of intermediate products and market competition structure significantly affect the backward linkage spillover effect of FDI,which is the ignored partly in empirical study,and is the focus of further research in the future.