城市公园感知生物多样性促进注意力 恢复的影响研究

生物多样性可提供促进心理健康的文化性生态系统 服务。当前,生物多样性对心理健康影响的研究多从“测量生 物多样性”维度出发,而以能够对景观体验者心理产生直接影 响的“感知生物多样性”为视角的探索尚且匮乏。面向城市居 民定向注意力的恢复需求,从感知生物多样性的内涵释义、注 意力恢复的机理解析出发,将高密度高异质性典型城市重庆作 为案例区,以城市中最能与生物多样性接触的“城市公园”为 研究对象,通过量表设计和使用者问卷调查,建构公园感知生 物多样性影响注意力恢复的结构方程模型。探索了感知生物多 样性与注意力恢复间的因果关联,进一步对与其相关的规划策 略制定、设计实践应用及接续研究进行了讨论。旨在为感知生 物多样性导向的疗愈性景观空间规划设计提供有益参考。

Study on the Influence of Perceived Biodiversity on Attention Recovery in Urban Parks

Biodiversity can provide cultural ecosystem services beneficial to mental health. To date, the research on the impact of biodiversity on mental health have mostly focused on the dimension of "measuring biodiversity", while the exploration from the perspective of "perceived biodiversity", which can have a direct impact on the psychology of landscape experiencers, is still scarce. In view of the recovery needs of urban residents'' excessive consumption of directed attention, and on the premise of interpreting the connotation of perceived biodiversity and explaining the mechanism of attention recovery, this paper takes Chongqing, a typical city with high density and high heterogeneity, as the case area, and with the "urban parks" where can most interact with biodiversity, as the research object, and constructs a structural equation analysis model of the impact of perceived biodiversity on attention recovery based on the scale design and questionnaire survey. This study explores the causal relationship between perceived biodiversity and attention recovery, and further reflects on its related planning policy formulation, design practice application and subsequent research. The aim is to provide a useful reference for the healing landscape spatial planning and design based on the perceived biodiversity.