基于鸟类生境修复与营造的湿地 生态设计策略

以天津七里海古潟湖湿地为研究场地，以生活在其 中的鸟类及其所需的生境条件为主要研究对象。由于研究中 数据有限，因此选择根据有限数据就可得出较为准确结果的 Lasso回归算法，分析环境因子与鸟类多样性之间的关系。结 果显示人类干扰程度、植物水平斑块丰富度、植物香浓-威纳 指数及面积是影响鸟类丰富度的关键环境因子。以此为依据， 结合目标鸟类所偏好的生境条件，针对现状斑块类型及斑块内 的小生境提出了相应的修复、营建、增加面积及丰富植物群落 等设计策略，以期能够以提高研究场地内鸟类丰富度为最终目 标，进而达到湿地生态系统修复的目的。

Ecological Design Strategies of Wetland Based on Avian Habitats Restoration and Creation

Birds living in Tianjin Ancient Lagoon Wetland and their suitable living conditions are the research objects of this paper. According to the results of Lasso regression run in R software, human disturbance, vegetation horizontal patchiness, Shannon- Wiener index, and area are the important factors which influence avian richness. Based on the quantified analysis, together with preference living conditions of representative birds, strategies of restoring, creating, expanding area, or/and improving richness of vegetation communities on different habitat patches and microhabitats are proposed, in order to increase the avian richness, and then achieve the goal of wetland ecosystem restoration.