寒地城市儿童不同季节住区户外活动 特征及空间规划启示

进行户外活动是促进儿童身体和心理健康成长的重 要条件，寒地城市的季节变化对儿童的户外活动特征影响显 著，作为儿童主要活动载体的住区空间设计如何去回应这些特 征的季节性变化需要重视。为探讨寒地城市2~6岁儿童不同季 节的活动特征如何指导住区空间设计，选取哈尔滨市中北春 城、欧洲新城、恒祥城3个典型住区，分别于暖季节、过渡季 节和冷季节进行实地调研，利用问卷调查、行为注记、微气候 实测和相关性分析等方法，研究了儿童不同季节的户外活动特 征及其与住区空间的关系，在此基础上从目标定位、空间布局 和环境营造三方面提出寒地住区空间的设计策略。

Characteristics of Residential Outdoor Activities in Different Seasons for Children Living in Cities of Severe Cold Climate and Spatial Planning Implications

Playing outside is an important condition for the healthy physical and mental development of children. The seasonal changes in cities of severe cold climate have a significant impact on characteristics of children''s outdoor activities. As the main carrier of children''s outdoor activities, the residential space design responding to the seasonal changes of these characteristics is very important. To explore how the outside activity characteristics of children aged 2-6 in different seasons guide the spatial design of residential areas cities of severe cold climate, this paper chooses three typical residential space of Zhongbei residential area, Ouzhou residential area and Hengxiangcheng residential area in Harbin to do the on-the-spot investigation in warm season, transition season and cold season. Through questionnaire investigations, behavior observation records, microclimate measurements and correlation analysis, it sums up the children''s outdoor activity characteristics in different seasons and its relationship with the residential space. With this as basis, it puts forward the spatial design strategies of residential area from three aspects of goal orientation, spatial layout and environment construction