基于因子分析的森林康养空间评价 指标体系研究

森林康养空间是开展康养活动、建立森林康养基地 的基本单元。通过4组轮回专家问卷与因子分析法，收集229 份问卷，筛选并构建森林康养空间评价指标体系。结果表明： 1)以康养功能为核心、森林康养空间为目标的评价指标体系 包含3个一级指标、6个二级指标和22个三级指标；2)森林环 境资源与森林空间特征是评价森林康养空间的决定性条件； 3)森林康养空间特征主要体现在环境舒适性、设施便捷性与 空间规模性3方面；4)改善空气负离子浓度、空间可达性、设 施保健功能适宜性、道路联通性、设施服务半径覆盖度和森林 气候舒适度等指标可以显著提升森林康养空间康养效果。本研 究成果能为森林康养空间规划设计及康养效果优化提供一定的 理论支撑。

Study of Evaluation Index System in Forest Convalescent Space Based on Factor Analysis

The forest convalescent space is the basic unit for carrying out the health care activities and constructing the forest convalescent base. Through four groups of expert questionnaires and factor analysis, 229 questionnaires were collected, and the evaluation index system of forest convalescent space was established. The results showed that: 1) The evaluation index system with the function of forest convalescence as the core and the space of forest convalescence as the objective contained 3 first-level indexes, 6 second-level indexes and 22 third-level indexes; 2) The forest environment and space construction played a decisive role in judging the forest convalescent space; 3) the characteristics of forest convalescent space are mainly environmental comfort, facility convenience and spatial scale; 4) The quality of forest convalescent space can be improved by enhancing the indicators, such as the content of negative air ions, forest space accessibility, facility health function suitability, road connectivity, facility service radius coverage, forest climate comfort, etc.. The results of this study can provide some theoretical support for the planning and design of forest convalescent space and the optimization of health care effect