政府补助、创新环境与涉农企业创新效率

本文基于中国涉农企业2009—2017年的混合截面数据,在使用SSBM-两阶段网络DEA模型测算中国涉农企业创新效率的基础上,实证检验政府补助对涉农企业创新效率及其分解指标(知识研发效率和科技成果商业化效率)的影响,并探究创新环境这一情景变量对政府补助与科技成果商业化效率关系的调节作用。研究发现:①政府补助能显著促进涉农企业创新效率提高,且政府补助对涉农企业创新效率的促进作用是通过提高涉农企业创新活动第一阶段的知识研发效率实现;政府补助未能促进涉农企业创新活动第二阶段科技成果商业化效率的提高。②创新环境正向调节政府补助对涉农企业知识研发效率与科技成果商业化效率的影响,即创新政策优化有助于政府补助发挥其对涉农企业知识研发效率及科技成果商业化效率的促进作用。

Government subsidies, innovation environment and innovation efficiency of agriculture-related enterprises

This paper reviews the recognition of brownfield''s ecological value, including the preliminary cognition of ecology, IBA ecology practice, the debate on the value and reuse of wilderness, and select "Industrial Nature", "Urban-Industrial Woodlands", "Urban Wildscape" and other core concepts, pointing out that the brownfield habitat formed by natural succession has unique ecological value, showing rich species diversity and even becoming the habitat of rare species. Brownfield has ecological, recreational, aesthetic and wilderness values. Due to the public perception and acceptance of brownfield is different in gender, age, education, educational level and brownfield''s natural succession stage, it is hard to reconstruct and regeneration. This paper summarizes three regeneration strategies of brownfield reconstruction and reuse in Germany based on the successful practices and coordinating the degree of industrial nature conservation and recreation functions. The three strategies are the dominant strategy of industrial nature, the urban park strategy with the protection of industrial nature, and the juxtaposed strategy of industrial nature and recreation utilization. It is suggested to further explore the theories and methods of brownfield regeneration in China.