环境约束下中国省域旅游经济效率及其影响因素的空间计量分析

采用Super-SBM方法将环境因素作为非期望产出纳入旅游经济效率测算框架,结合空间计量经济方法分析2005—2016年我国省域旅游经济效率空间关联性及影响因素溢出效应,结果显示:环境约束下,我国省域旅游经济具有一定的空间集聚趋势,呈现出"东南热、西北冷"的分布特征,尚未实现网状结构均衡发展;我国省际旅游经济效率间存在显著的空间溢出作用。对于环境约束下旅游经济效率发展来说,人均GDP、技术创新、市场化、环境规制均有显著的正向作用,路网密度作用不显著,外国直接投资(FDI)有显著的负向作用。影响因素的溢出效应来看,市场化、经济增长、技术创新具有显著的积极间接溢出效应,但环境规制带来了显著的负向间接溢出效应,FDI与路网密度的间接溢出效应不显著。

Spacial Structure and Spillover Effect of China's Provincial Tourism Economic Efficiency Under Environmental Constraints

Urban roads are important activity places for citizens, and sidewalk air quality is closely related to public health. Roadside trees are widely believed to reduce the ventilation in the road, resulting in higher pollutants concentrations. However, roadside trees can form a differentiated distribution of particles concentration through changing turbulence and have a certain ability to intercept particles. Therefore, reasonable planning of roadside trees is expected to change the road air flow field and improve local air quality. This study took Di''anmen Nei Street as the example to explore an innovative technological approach on roadside trees designing based on ENVI-met from the perspective of improving road pollution. The conclusions are the following: 1) ENVI-met can be used to simulate the diffusion and settlement of road pollutants; 2) The canopy width is an important factor affecting the diffusion of particulate matter on the road. When the width of the crown reaches the width of the road, it will affect the rapid diffusion of particulate matters, leading to an increase in the concentration of particulate matter on the road; 3) The roadside tree with a large crown width and a canopy height close to the ground has better adsorption effect on the road particles. This study provides a favorable basis for the selection of roadside tree species. At the same time, it is the first time that ENVI-met is used in the study of particle diffusion and deposition in China.