大型水利工程影响下三峡库区山地城镇沿江风景演变探析

水利与城市发展密不可分，水利工程通过塑造区域整体环境进而影响城市风景的形成与演变。现代水利工程的建设往往对区域环境产生干预和改变，峡江地区特殊的自然条件和社会背景使得这一现象更加凸显，大型水利工程对峡江山地城镇风景系统的影响显著。梳理三峡工程建设前后库区城镇经历从峡江原貌到迁建扩容再到成库后期的影响阶段，分析城镇沿江风景系统在要素、界面、结构和内涵上的演变特征，即风景要素更替与去集群化、弱圈层化；滨江界面推移与弹性转换；江-城-山风景结构多类型化，以及因人成景的风景内涵演化。在此基础上思考总结峡江地区大型水利工程与城镇风景营建的关系，其中的经验与启示对其他类似的山地滨江城镇具有一定借鉴意义。

Evolution of Landscape System along the Yangtze River in the Mountainous Towns of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area under the Influence of Large-scale Water Conservancy Projects

Water conservancy and urban development are inseparable. Water conservancy projects affect the formation and development of urban landscape by shaping the overall regional environment. However, the construction of modern water conservancy projects often interferes and changes the regional environment. The special natural conditions and social environment of canyon area make this phenomenon more prominent. Large-scale water conservancy projects have a significant impact on the landscape system along the river in the towns of canyon area. This paper analyzes the stages of the towns in the rapid change before and after the construction of the Three Gorges Project from the original appearance to the expansion and relocation, and then to the subsequent stage. It analyzes the evolution characteristics of the landscape system along the river in terms of elements, interface, structure and connotation, which are the replacement, de-clustering and weak stratification of the landscape elements, the shift and elastic transformation of the riverside interface, the multi-type of the river-city-mountain structure and the connotation evolution of landscape formed by man. On this basis, the relationship between large-scale water conservancy projects and urban landscape construction in canyon area is summarized and considered. The experience and enlightenment can be used for reference for other similar towns.