经济学家对剩余认识的分歧说明了什么

自魁奈提出"纯产品"学说以来,经济学家对剩余认识的分歧一直难以弥合,这是由他们对剩余研究的目的决定的,但万变不离其宗的是,研究剩余的来源或源泉都是为了给剩余的归属即剩余的占有找到更"合理"的出路,与剩余的真正来源无关.由他们所戴的理论有色眼镜所决定,经济学家把剩余的来源分为劳动说、创新说、不确定性说和监督说.劳动说体现的是社会公平正义,创新说注重的是激励,不确定性说强调了企业家的责任,监督说意在减少偷懒.只要我们不怀任何偏见,这些不同的学说就会为解决目前的经济发展与收入分配矛盾提供有效的思路和方法.

Reflection on Economists' Divergence on Surplus

Economists have had divergence on surplus since Quesnay proposed "pure product" concept.This is due to the research goal to find a more "reasonable" answer for the surplus while the true source of surplus is ignored.Economists are thus divided into different schools such as labor theory,innovation theory,uncertainty theory and supervision theory.Labor theory reflects the social fairness,innovation theory stresses on motivation,uncertainty theory emphasizes on entrepreneurs'responsibility,and supervision theory aims to reduce laziness.These theories may provide effective methods and solutions to the conflict between current economic problems and income distribution.