建国以来我国农业科技政策及其特征分析

农业科技政策是国家为实现特定的科技目标而设定的基本行动准则。文章首先以新中国成立以来农业科技发展的相关规划为主线,结合相关的国家文件,把我国农业科技发展分成"奠定基础"、"消弱"、"恢复建设"、"改革创新"四个阶段,通过对这四个阶段我国农业科技政策演化的梳理,接着研究指出建国以来我国农业科技政策具有以下三个显著特征:农业科技工作在我国经济社会发展中始终占据显著地位;从上世纪50年代初开始我国政府就始终强调农业科技工作要直接为农业生产服务;上世纪50年代中叶开始,我国就开始探索农业科技工作和农业生产结合的工作机制与体制,即持续的农业科技机制体制探索。论文最后分析指出我国农业科技政策三大特征是相互相承的,未来我国农业科技政策继续保持这三大特征外,将更加突出政府在农业科技进步的主导作用。

The Analysis on Agricultural Science and Technology Policies and Their Characteristics Since the Foundation of the People's Republic of China

Agricultural science and technology policy is the basic guideline for national action to achieve specific scientific objectives set. In this paper, the development of agricultural science and technology to China is divided into four stages, foundation, weaken, restoration and innovation. Phasing is based on the development of agricultural science and technology related to the planning, as well as relevant national documents since the founding of New China. Then, we analyzed the evolution of agricultural science and technology policy of the four stages, sums up the three significant characteristics of agricultural science and technology policy. In China＇s economic and social development, agricultural science and technology has always occupied a prominent place. Since the 1950s, the Chinese government has always stressed that agricultural science and technology directly serve to agricultural production. From the mid-1950s, China began to study the institutional mechanism of the combination of agricultural science and technology and agricultural production, as well as the uninterrupted study of the institutional mechanisms of agricultural science and technology. Finally, our analysis pointed out that the three characteristics of China Agricultural Science and Technology policy is complementary. China Agricultural Science and Technology Policy is going to continue to keep these three characteristics, in addition, the government will become more prominent leading role in it.