我国设施葡萄生产成本地区间差异研究

文章构建了设施葡萄生产成本核算指标体系和地区间成本差异模型,以520份来自设施葡萄主产区的农户调研问卷数据为基础,分析了我国设施葡萄生产成本的地区间差异及其影响因素。结果显示,不同主产区的生产成本投入水平差异显著,成本投入排序为:华北产区东北产区西南产区西北产区南方产区;地区间的总成本结构和物质成本结构既存在共同特征也存在明显差异,总体来看劳动力成本占比最高,物质成本中肥料成本占比最大;在影响因素中,化肥价格差异、劳动力价格差异和土地价格差异对区域间生产成本差异具有显著的正向影响,地区变量呈现弱的负向影响,单产水平差异和生产规模差异未通过假设检验。研究结果可为促进设施葡萄生产布局的优化提供决策建议。

Study on the Regional Differences of Production Cost for Protect Grape Cultivation

This paper constructed the index system of production cost and econometric model of regional cost differences in protected grape cultivation, and then analyzed the regional cost differences and its influencing factors based on the field survey data from 520 vinegrowers. The results show that there are significant differences in the production costs in different producing regions, the descending order of production cost is North China region〉the Northeast region〉the Southwest region〉the Northwest region〉the South region. The cost structure in different regions is also obviously diverse, generally, the labor cost accounts for the biggest in total cost and the fertilizer cost is the largest in material cost. Among the influencing factors, fertilizer price difference, labor price difference and land price difference show significantly positive influence on regional cost difference, the area variable show relatively negative effect, and yield difference and production scale difference are not significant. The research results can provide decision-making suggestions for optimizing the location of production in protected grape industry.