寻租理论的新发展

寻租理论把租金的范围定义在政治领域。政府拥有某些政治特权,可以创造和保护租金,从而增加人们的决策选择。出于利益最大化的考虑,人们会选择＂寻租＂方式来增加收益。正是由于＂寻租＂,遏制了市场经济发挥作用。同时,寻租活动也浪费了本应用于从事生产性活动的资源。在上述思想的指引下,寻租理论的发展出现两大分支：一是规范寻租理论,试图说明和估算寻租活动给经济带来的成本;二是实证寻租理论,试图解释社会中人为制造的租金来源。寻租被应用于很多研究领域,但是也许是由于寻租理论本身存有缺陷,或者其他原因,寻租理论在中国并没有很好地发展起来。

New Development of Rent-Seeking Theory Abstract

The rent-seeking theory defines the bound of rent inside the politics.The governments have some political privilege so that they can create and protect rent as to increase people＇s choices.People will choose ＂rent-seeking＂ to increase their revenue out of maximized benefit.It is the ＂rent-seeking＂ that holds the market economy to play its role.At the same time,＂rent-seeking＂ wastes the resources which are supposed to use in the production activity.Under the direction of the above mentioned thinking,the development of rent-seeking theory comes up two branches,one is normative rent-seeking theory which tries to explain and estimate the cost that rent-seeking brings to the economy.The other is positive rent-seeking theory which tries to explain the source of man-made rent.Rent-seeking is applied in many research fields but it is not well developed in China probably due to its defects or other reasons.