鲜活农产品供应链协调研究——基于风险规避的收益共享契约分析

供应链协调是鲜活农产品供应链高效运作的基础。本文通过引入新鲜度因子和风险规避系数的Stackelberg博弈模型,研究了由专业合作社和超市构成的鲜活农产品供应链协调问题,分析了收益共享契约机制下供应链成员的最优定价策略及供应链成员风险规避行为对批发价和零售价的影响。数值分析结果表明,鲜活农产品批发价随着新鲜度、收益共享率的增大而增大;零售价随着零售商风险规避程度的增大而减小;而批发价随着生产商风险规避程度的增大而减小,随着零售商风险规避程度的增大而增大。要改变现状应通过大力培育农产品流通组织,提高流通主体组织化程度;设计合理的收益共享机制和风险分担机制,协调供应链成员利益;加强农产品流通基础设施建设及先进物流技术的应用等措施,提升供应链整体绩效,提高鲜活农产品流通效率。

Fresh Agricultural Products Supply Chain Coor Dination Research--Based on Risk Analysis of the Revenue Sharing Contract

The coordination of fresh agricultural products supply chain is the basis for the efficient operation. By the Stackel- berg game model to introduce the fresh degree factor and risk-averse coefficient, the coordinative issues about fresh agricuhural products supply chain, including the agricultural professional cooperatives and supermarkets, is submitted. The optimal-price st- rategy for the chain members and the wholesale price and retail price, influenced by the risk-averse behavior for the chain members, are analyzed in the revenue-sharing contract system. The analysis result indicates that the wholesale price of the agricultural products rises with the increasing of the fresh degree and revenue-sharing rate, the retail price decreases with the increasing risk-averse degree of the retailer, whereas the wholesale price drops with growing risk-averse degree of the wholesaler and rises with the increasing risk-averse degree of the retailer. The countermeasure to improve the supply chain performance and circulation efficiency for fresh agricultural products is to develop and strengthen the agricultural products circulation organizations by upgrading the organization degree of circulation subjects, designing the rational mechanisms of revenue sharing and risk-shar-ing to coordinate the interests for supply chain members, strengthening the infrastructure construction of agricultural products circulation and the application of advanced logistics technology.