排污权价格形成机制及其优化分析

构建有效的排污权价格形成与运行机制是排污权交易制度建设的关键环节。本文分析了排污权的初始分配机制以及不同市场条件下排污权交易的价格形成机制。在完全竞争市场条件下，排污权的市场价格等于各企业的边际治理成本。经济增长、污染治理技术进步、政府环境目标以及预期因素等将对排污权价格变动产生影响。在不完全竞争条件下，市场势力和交易费用的存在降低了排污权价格机制的效率。文章最后提出了优化排污权价格形成和运行机制的政策建议。

Analysis of the Price Formation Mechanism of Emissions Rights and Its Optimization

An effective price formation mechanism is the key to the construction of emissions rights trading system.This paper analyses the original collocation mechanism and the price formation mechanism of emissions rights.In a complete competition market,the equilibrious price equals the marginal pollution-treatment costs of all enterprices.Factors such as economic growth rate,pollution-control technology improvement,environment-control goals of the government and the enterprices, expect can influence the equilibrious price.In a incomplete competition market, exist of market power and transaction costs can reduce the efficiency of the price mechanism of emissions rights.The paper also puts forward some suggestion to improve the price mechanism.