国际旅游岛建设旅游用地生态效应调控机制研究

中国经济的迅速崛起,产业结构的高端化形势,海南岛所处的改革前沿、政治战略地位和地缘优势催生了国际旅游岛国家战略,旅游业快速发展超过人们的预期。海南沿海及周边岛屿是国际旅游岛建设的核心地区,环境相对封闭,生态系统较为脆弱。不尽合理的旅游用地规划、低效的旅游地生态效应调控技术手段和缺位的生态监管机制旅游地生态系统管理政策措施,已造成海南旅游用地的环境污染和生态破坏。文章认为必须建立海南国际旅游岛旅游产业用地的生态效应评估和生态监管机制。(1)加强国际旅游岛建设生态效应的研究,预测国际旅游岛建设生态效应发展趋势。(2)设立旅游用地生态准入制度,建立旅游用地生态效应评估机制。(3)设计生态系统管理优化范式,制订旅游产业生态效应调控政策。(4)制订旅游用地生态安全评价指标体系,建立生态安全预警模型。以有效调控旅游用地生态效应,为旅游用地生态监管、旅游产业结构调整奠定科学基础与决策依据,改善海南省生态环境质量,提高生态安全等级,提升海南国际旅游岛建设综合效益。

Regulation Mechanism of Tourist Ecological Effect Must be Established to Build Hainan into International Tourism Island of Hainan

The rapid rise of China’s economy,the industrial structure’s transfer to high-end,Hainan Island’s frontier in system and economic reform,the political strategic status and geographical superiority spawned national strategy of construction of international tourism island of Hainan.Fast development of tourism exceeded people’s expectations.Hainan coastal areas and surrounding islands are relatively closed,ecological system being vulnerable,but are the core areas in construction of international tourism island.Unreasonable tourism planning,inefficient tourist ecological effect regulation technology and unscientific regulatory mechanism and lack of ecological tourism ecological system,management policies and measures,have caused environmental pollution and ecological destruction.Establishing effect evaluation and ecological supervision mechanism of ecological effect in tourism industry land use is an imminent.In development of international tourism island of Hainan we must establish ecological safety evaluation index system,evaluating different ecological security situation of tourist land use,set up ecological safety threshold,constructing ecological safety warning model;Establish tourism land ecological access standard and ecosystem management optimization model to effectively control ecological effect of tourism land use,laid the scientific and decision-making basis for ecological regulation and tourism industry structure adjustment,improve the quality of ecological environment of Hainan province,lift the ecological security level,ascending comprehensive benefits of Hainan international tourism island construction.