水市场失灵及其防范

用水市场来配置水资源是一种高效的水资源配置方式，但由于受水市场外部性、水资源公共产品属性以及传统文化和地方习俗等因素的影响．会产生失灵市场现象。通过加强和改善国家对水资源的宏观管理和加强对水市场的宏观调控、加大社会基础设施建设力度、建立和完善水权法律制度等．能够减少水市场失灵带来的水资源配置的低效．提高我国水资源利用水平和利用效率。

On Water Markets Failure and Measures of Prevention

Water markets rule is an efficient way of water resource allocation. The possible malfunction of water markets mainly results from the relevant factors of water market, such as the externality, monopoly, information insufficiency, high market cost and public property of water resource, culture and conventions. For the sake of improvement in exploitation of water resource, the following measures must be carried out: enhancement and amendment to macroscopically administration on water resource and water market, establishment and consummation of water property laws and institutions.