中国特色的可交易耕地发展权制度创新研究

在我国耕地发展权制度安排下,耕地保护与非农化配置存在无效率和不公平等问题。创新中国特色的可交易耕地发展权制度可将我国可交易耕地发展权划分为4类：新增基本农田发展权、现存基本农田发展权、新增普通耕地发展权、现存普通耕地发展权。其中,现存普通耕地（基本农田）发展权的权能通过普通耕地（基本农田）保有量指标实现、新增普通耕地（基本农田）发展权的权能通过普通耕地（基本农田）保有量指标和普通耕地（基本农田）补充指标共同实现。建设占用耕地指标的管理权应该归属于中央政府,普通耕地（基本农田）保有量指标的支配权应该归属于地方政府,补充普通耕地（基本农田）指标应该归属于耕地补充者。

Chinese Characteristics of the Transaction of Land Development Rights System Innovation Research

Under the arrangement of our country’s farmland development rights system,the protection of cultivated land and non-agricultural configuration exist problems of inefficiency and unfair.Innovation with Chinese characteristics of transaction of land development rights can divide the trade farmland development rights system into 4 types： the new basic farmland development rights,the existing basic farmland development rights,the new general land development rights,and existing conventional cultivated land development rights.Among them,the existing common land（basic farmland development rights） by common land（basic farmland） retains the quantity indexes implementation,new general land（basic farmland development rights） by ordinary land（basic farmland） retains the quantity index and common land（basic farmland） implementing supplementary index.Cultivated land occupied by construction management right should belong to the central government,the common land（basic farmland） retains the quantity index of power should be vested in local governments,supplement the general land（basic farmland） index should be vested in the cultivated land supplement.