美国学术Earmark资助及评价

科技投入是提高科技创新能力的基本保证,科研资助的公平和效益是科技管理中重要的问题.美国的Earmark为高等教育发展起着重要作用,分析其产生、发展和走向,旨在能为新时期如何既保证科学标准,又不失公平地促进科技创新有所启示.

Research Allocation Assessment and Research Funding:a Survey of Earmarking

R&D appropriation is the basement of improving the capability of national technology innova- tion,and the funding quality is crucial for research management.The Earmaring have a special effect on American academic science,but there are some critics now.This paper analyses the initiatation and develop- ment of Earmarking and gives some suggestions on how to search for ways to avoid doing damage to science norm,while at the same time funding science research fairly and abundantly.