浅析我国科技国际化的现状与问题

在全球化日益深入的今天，科技国际化水平已经成为衡量一个国家科技创新绩效的一个重要方面。通过研究科技国际化的特征和测度指标，从人才、企业、产出三个方面分析了我国科技国际化的现状和问题。结果显示：我国出国留学和归国人员不断增加，我国学者发表的SCI论文和国际合著论文快速增长，跨国公司加强在华研发和企业并购；但我国人才流失高于人才引进，研究机构中外籍人员所占比例较低等。可以说，我国科技国际化整体水平仍然较低，突出问题是我国在科技国际化进程中主导性不够，我国必须从战略层面加强对科技国际化问题的研究，技持中国企业加大海外研发，鼓励外资研发机构更多地实现技术溢出，从而更好地提升我国的科技创新能力和国际影响力。

Analysis on China＇s Science and Technology Internationalization

With the globalization of science and technology, the level of S＆T internationalization of a country is being used for measuring its S＆T performance level. This paper studies the characteristics and indicators of S＆T internationalization, then analyzes the current situation of China＇s S＆T internationalization from the perspective of research personnel, transnational enterprises and S＆T output. Results show that the level of China＇s S＆T internationalization is increasing rapidly in recent years, but its overall level is lower than many developed countries. Specifically, both Chinese students studying abroad and returnees keep consistent growth; SCI papers published by Chinese researchers and co-authored SCI papers including at least one foreign author are increasing rapidly; transnational corporations are enhancing their R＆D efforts and M＆A activities in China; however, the brain drain in China outnumbers the introduction of foreign talents; the proportion of foreign staff in research institutes is still small. One reason leading to these problems is the passivity in the process of S＆T internationalization. So it is necessary to study China＇s S＆T internationalization at the strategic level, support Chinese enterprises＇ transnational R＆D, and encourage foreign enterprises＇ technology spillover, so as to promote the innovation ability and global influence of China.