移民积分制的全球实践及其启示

移民积分制是一种挑选移民主要是高技能人才的重要政策工具,在一些具有移民传统的发达国家和地区广泛使用,并受到越来越多的国家关注。目前,实施移民积分制的国家,一类为实施积分制,另一类为实施类积分制,这两类的典型国家分别为加拿大和德国。通过概述加拿大积分制和德国类积分制的实践,深入分析了移民积分制的实施前提、主要特征,剖析了实施移民积分制的优点和不足,继而对实施和调整移民积分制的整体框架进行了反思与归纳。我国当前仍处在经济社会快速发展的阶段,迫切需要各类科技人才,必须加快移民积分制的实施,但在实施过程中,应该注意对实施对象的范围做出严格限定,所制定的积分制要有利于满足高层次科技创新创业人才以多种方式来中国发展的需求,并可采取国家、省级两级积分体系。

Global Practice of Point-based Immigration System and Its Implications to China

Point-based immigration system （PBIM） is an important selection policy tool mainly for highly skilled immigrants. It＇s very popular in some countries and regions with a long tradition of immigration, and is drawing more and more attention internationally. This paper introduced the basic information of PBIM, summarized Canada and Germany＇s practice as a sample of PBIM and quasi PBIM respectively, analyzed deeply its prerequisites of implementation and main characteristics, dissected advantages and disadvantages of PBIM and quasi PBIM, rethought and summarized the overall framework on implementing or adjusting the PBIM. The paper also gives some suggestions on implementation of PBIM in China, such as, making a strict limitation on the scope of immigrants, adopting the PBIM in national and provincial level to meet the demands of S＆T innovation talents seeking the entrepreneurship opportunity in China in various approaches.