劳动力市场的所有制分割与城乡收入差距

目前缺少系统的农民工工资的面板数据妨碍了对城镇劳动力市场的所有制分割如何影响城乡收入差距的研究。本文证明城镇集体经济部门的平均工资可以作为农民工工资的代理变量,并将城镇国有部门的平均工资与集体部门的平均工资的比例作为衡量城镇劳动力市场所有制分割的指标。笔者通过对中国1978—2008年间省际面板数据的回归分析发现,劳动力市场的所有制分割本身具有扩大城乡收入差距的效应,但是,非国有部门职工比重的增加会削弱所有制分割的影响,从而有助于缩小城乡收入差距。

Ownership Segmentation of Labor Market and Urban-Rural Income Gap

The current lack of systematic panel data of wages for migrant workers at present prevents the study of how ownership segmentation of urban labor market affects urban-rural income gap.In this paper,we prove that the average wage of the urban collective economic sector can be used as proxy variables of the wages of migrant workers,and the ratio between average wage of urban state sector and that of collective sector can be used as a measure of the indicators of the urban labor market ownership segmentation.The 1978—2008 provincial panel data regression analysis shows that the ownership segmentation of labor market itself has the effect of expanding the income gap between urban and rural areas.However,the increase in the proportion of non-state sector workers would undermine the ownership segmentation,thereby contributing to narrowing the urban-rural income gap.