经济增长、产业发展与就业结构在中国的实证检验

经济增长与居民就业之间既存在正面效应,又存在负面效应,在不同发展时期其效应有不同的表现,总体上二者间呈现倒"U"型关系。实证分析经济增长与就业结构之间的关系发现,我国经济增长对城镇和农村就业的拉动效应均有限,但对城镇的影响要大于农村。通过对三次产业结构偏离度的分析发现,第一产业存在较大的剩余劳动力,第二产业的劳动力明显不足,第三产业的产业发展与就业则相对均衡。因此,实施积极的产业和就业政策至关重要。

Empirical Test on Economic Growth, Industrial Development and Employment Structure in China

There are both positive employment effect and negative effects between economic growth and resident’s employment.At different period of development,they have different performance.Generally speaking,an inverted U-shaped relationship shows between the two presents.Empirical analysis of economic growth and the relationship between employment structure shows that Chinese economic growth of urban and rural employment are limited in the pulling effect,but the impact is greater than the rural towns.Through the three industries deviation analysis,it is found that the primary industry has a big surplus labor,the labor force was less than the second industry,tertiary industry,industrial development and employment is relatively balanced.Implementation of active industrial and employment policies is essential.