中国农村地区间居民收入差距及构成变化:1995—2008年——基于基尼系数的分解

本文采用分省的面板数据对农村地区间基尼系数分解结果表明,1995—2008年,中国农村地区间收入差距总体上仍然呈现上升趋势,基尼系数上升了0.0639,但增幅出现明显减弱趋势。基尼系数变化及农村居民工资性收入对基尼系数的贡献变化显示出与经济发展阶段变化一致的含义;结构性效应已不再是农村地区间收入差异的唯一构成来源,收入集中效应对基尼系数起了明显的增加作用,工资性收入的集中效应超过了其他收入来源。这些构成来源的变化蕴含着中国面临调节地区间农村收入差距的政策机遇。

THE REGIONAL INCOME GAP AND CHANGES IN RURAL CHINA DURING 1995 TO 2008: BASED ON THE DECOMPOSITION OF GINI INDEX

Based on the provincial panel data,we decompose the Gini index of Chinese rural areas and conclude that the regional income inequality in rural China shows an increasing trend.The Gini coefficient increased 0.0639 during 1995-2008,but the growing rate decreased after 2005.The Gini coefficient changes and the contribution of the wage income of rural residents on the Gini coefficient changes are consistent with the changes of economic development.Moreover,according to the decomposition of Gini index,the structural effect is no longer the only composition of income inequality in rural China,and the effect of income concentration plays an important role in the increase of Gini coefficient.The change of the composition of regional income inequality in Chinese rural areas indicates that China is facing a challenge of adjusting its policies for decreasing the rural income gap.