区域一体化政策、要素流动与居民获得感提升*——基于政策文本的量化分析

区域一体化政策实施的意图是通过弱化要素流动壁垒、缩小区域发展差距，从而提升居民获得感。本文从交通互联互通、行政壁垒弱化、经济合作和劳动力流动四个角度构建政策措施指数，从缩小地区居民收入差距和改善居民获得感两个层面研究区域一体化战略的政策效果。研究发现：（1）区域一体化政策在缩小地区居民收入差距的基础上，可对等地提升居民获得感，行政措施是提升居民获得感的主要政策措施。（2）地区居民收入差距的收敛是居民获得感提升的客观基础，区域一体化政策缩小地区居民收入差距的政策效果在不同阶段和不同地区具有异质性。（3）区域一体化政策中的交通措施和行政措施通过引导资本形成扩散效应能显著缩小地区居民收入差距，是提升居民获得感的主要渠道。

REGIONAL INTEGRATION POLICIES，FACTOR MOBILITY AND THE ENHANCEMENT OF RESIDENTS' SENSE OF GAIN——A Quantitative Analysis Based on Policy Texts

The intention of regional integration policy is to enhance residents' sense of gain by weakening barriers of factor mobility and narrowing regional development gap This paper constructs policy indices from four perspectives： transportation connectivity，weakening of administrative barriers，economic cooperation and labor mobility，and studies the policy effects of regional integration strategy at two aspects： narrowing the income inequality among regional residents and improving their sense of gain It is found that：（1）Regional integration policies can enhance residents' sense of gain based on narrowing the income gap among regional residents，and administrative measures are the main policy measures to enhance residents' sense of gain（2）The convergence of regional income inequality is the objective basis for the improvement of residents' sense of gain，and the policy effects of regional integration policies to reduce regional income inequality are heterogeneous at different stages and in different regions（3）Mechanism analysis shows that the transportation measures and administrative measures in the regional integration policy can significantly narrow the income gap of regional residents by guiding capital to spread to undeveloped areas，which is the major way to enhance residents' sense of gain