环境立法管制对企业出口国内附加值率的影响*

本文通过理论建模和经验数据研究了环境立法管制与中国企业出口国内附加值率之间的关系。结果发现，环境立法管制有助于提升中国企业出口国内附加值率。机制分析证明：一方面，加强环境立法管制的“成本效应”促使直接受约束的企业寻找其他可替代要素。这种替代效应的大小取决于企业对污染型资源的依赖程度。“创新效应”通过改变企业生产效率影响企业成本加成。这两种效应均影响了出口国内附加值率。另一方面，环境立法管制提高了本国企业出口到国外市场的生产率下界，使间接受约束的企业改变定价策略，进而影响出口国内附加值率。本文研究表明，地区严格的执法力度有助于扩大环境立法管制对污染型资源依赖程度较低企业出口国内附加值率的积极影响。

ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION AND FIRM'S EXPORT DOMESTIC VALUE ADDED

This paper uses theoretical modeling and empirical data to study the relationship between environmental legislation control and the domestic value added rate of Chinese firm's exports. It turns out that environmental legislation and control can help increase the domestic value added rate of Chinese firms' exports. Mechanism analysis proves that, on the one hand, the “cost effect” of strengthening environmental legislation control makes directly constrained companies look for other alternative elements. The magnitude of this substitution effect depends on the degree of dependence of the company on polluting resources. The “innovation effect” affects the cost bonus of firms by changing the production efficiency. Both effects affect the domestic value added rate of exports. On the other hand, environmental legislative control increases the lower bound of the productivity of domestic firms exporting to foreign markets, and makes indirectly restricted firms change their prices, which in turn acts on the domestic value added rate of exports. Expansion studies show that strict regional law enforcement will help expand the positive impact of environmental legislation and control on the domestic value added rate of exports of firms with a low degree of dependence on polluting resources.