起点公平、过程公平、结果公平与分配公平满意度*

深入研究居民对现阶段分配公平满意程度的认知、判断与评价，对于政府制定科学合理的调控政策、促进分配公平、提高居民满意程度、维护社会和谐与稳定具有十分重要的意义。本文基于浙江省11个地区958份居民家庭问卷调查数据，对居民收入分配不平等程度与分配公平满意度现状进行统计分析，构建Ordered Probit模型，从起点公平、过程公平、结果公平等方面对分配公平满意度的主要影响因素进行实证研究。研究结果表明：现阶段收入分配不平等程度较大，但居民对收入分配公平满意度相对较高。起点公平、过程公平、结果公平、人力资本、物质资本、社会保障对分配公平满意度有显著的正向影响。其中人力资本、起点公平、结果公平、社会保障对分配公平满意度的正向影响程度较大，过程公平对分配公平满意度的正向影响程度次之，而家庭劳动力人数、物质资本对分配公平满意度的正向影响程度较小。这一研究结果提供了重要的政策启示。

STARTING POINT FAIRNESS,PROCEDURAL FAIRNESS,OUTCOME FAIRNESS AND DISTRIBUTIVE FAIRNESS SATISFACTION

Intensively studying the cognition, judgment and evaluation of the residents on the satisfaction of the distributive fairness has great significance for the government to formulate scientific and reasonable policies, to promote distributive fairness, to raise the satisfaction of residents, and to maintain social harmony and stabilityIn this paper, we estimate the inequality degree in income distribution and the satisfaction of the distributive fairness by using the data of the 958 residents questionnaires from 11 regions across Zhejiang province, and construct an ordered Probit model to empirically test the effects of the determinants on the satisfaction of the distributive fairnessResults indicate that currently the degree of the inequality in the residents income has gone beyond the reasonable limit, while, the satisfaction rate of residents for the distributive fairness is comparatively highThe main findings reveal that the factors including starting point fairness, procedural fairness, outcome fairness, human capital, physical capital, social security have significantly positive impacts on the satisfaction of the distributive fairnessFurthermore, the positive impacts of human capital, starting point fairness, outcome fairness and social security are relatively high, whereas the impacts of procedural fairness, number of household labors and physical capital are relatively lowThis finding has important implications for future policy development.