收敛还是发散?——中国区域经济发展争论的文献综述

本文考察了 1 980— 2 0 0 1年间中国地区经济差距的演变趋势 ,并对地区差距的形成渊源、未来发展战略的相关文献做了综述 ,最后提出了相应的政策建议。基尼系数的分解结果表明 ,中国地区经济的总体差距在 2 0世纪 80年代有所下降 ,但在 90年代却呈上升趋势 ,地区经济的总体差距主要来自沿海和内陆地区的差距 ,在各地区内部不存在所谓的俱乐部收敛。经济、地理、历史等多种因素使沿海地区处在了比较高的发展起点上 ,地区发展战略、全球化、经济自由化 ,要素市场的扭曲相互交织 ,对地区差距的形成产生了重要的影响。地区差距的缩小是一个长期任务。中央政府必须采取有效措施引导各地区推行区域经济协调发展战略

Convergence or Divergence? ——Debate on China's Regional Development

This paper investigates the evolution of regional disparity over the period 1980—2001, reviews the debate on its causes, discusses future development strategies, and draws relevant conclusions for policymakers. Our overall Gini (and Theil) index confirms that overall regional disparities declined in the 1980s but increased in the 1990s. The gap between the inland and coast regions was the dominant contributor to the overall regional inequality. There was no club convergence within the inland and coast regions. Economic, geographical and historical influences put the coast in a better position than the inland for growth and development. Regional development strategy and policy, globalisation and economic liberalisation, and factor market distortions are closely linked with each other and have played some role in regional disparities. It will be a long-term task to significantly reduce the regional disparity. The central government needs to implement appropriate policies to co ordinate individual provincial development strategies on the national basis.