外商在华直接投资动机与区位因素分析——对秦皇岛市外商直接投资的实证研究

外商直接投资区位是现代区位理论研究的前沿问题之一。本文采用问卷调查的方法 ,对秦皇岛市 1 3 5个外商投资企业来华投资的动机及其在秦皇岛市投资所考虑的区位因素进行了实证分析。根据因子分析 ,外商在华投资动机可以归纳为生产投入与市场动机、生产服务动机、文化联系和感情动机、利用优惠政策和降低投资风险动机、竞争动机以及出口动机 ,而影响外商在秦皇岛市投资的主要区位因素可归纳为城市经济文化环境因素、交易成本因素、生产投入供应因素、市场因素以及投入成本因素。同时 ,本文还采用方差分析和T检验 ,验证了各外商投资动机和区位因素的相对重要性是否因外资企业开业时间、投资规模、投资来源、投资产业、企业经济类型以及是否出口而存在差异。

An Analysis of Motives and Location Factors of Foreign Direct Investment in China——An Empirical Study of Foreign Direct Investment in Qinhuangdao City

Location of FDI is one of the current issues of modern location theory. Making use of a questionnaire of 135 foreign enterprises, this paper examines foreign investors' motives of entry into Mainland China and location factors of investment in Qinhuangdao city. The factor analysis shows that foreign investors' motives of entry into Mainland China would be summed into production input and market, production service, culture linkage and emotion, favorable policies and reduced investment risk, competition and export; main location factors of investment in Qinhuangdao city would be summed into urban economic and culture environment, transaction cost, production input supply, market, and input cost. In the meantime, using ANOVA and test, this paper also examines whether there is a different relative importance of motives and location factors of foreign investors or not because of starting time, investment size, capital sources, and sectoral ownership and export pattern.