中国的地区工业集聚:经济地理、新经济地理与经济政策

本文使用新经济地理学的分析框架讨论了经济地理和经济政策等因素对工业集聚的影响,并利用1987—2001年省级面板数据研究了导致中国地区工业集聚的因素。我们的主要发现是(1)经济开放促进了工业集聚,而经济开放又与地理和历史的因素有关;(2)市场容量、城市化、基础设施的改善和政府作用的弱化也有利于工业集聚;(3)沿海地区具有工业集聚的地理优势。我们的研究为新经济地理学的理论提供了来自于中国的证据,同时也发现,除了经济地理的作用以外,政策也是导致工业集聚的重要因素。

Industry Agglomeration in China: Economic Geography, New Economic Geography and Policy

Based on a new economic geography (NEG) framework, this paper explores the causes of industry agglomeration in China using the provincial panel data during 1987—2001. The main findings are: (1) Economic opening that is related to geography and history leads to industry agglomeration. (2) Market scale, urbanization, infrastructure construction and the weakening of governmental role promote industry agglomeration. (3) Coastal areas have geographical advantages of industrial development. Our study contributes evidence from China to the New Economic Geography theory and finds that, besides economic geography, economic policy also relates to industry agglomeration.