农户收入差距的微观基础:物质资本还是人力资本?

本文基于中国8个省份、1320个农户、跨度15年的微观面板数据,使用非参数回归方法对影响农户收入差距的原因加以分析,利用广义差分方法去除农户异质性以后,估计的结果发现:(1)教育和在职培训体现出的人力资本是拉大农户收入差距的主要原因;(2)物质资本,包括土地,对于农户收入的差距没有显著影响;(3)在不同的收入组别上,人力资本的回报都显著高于物质资本的回报。

Which Is the Main Reason for Income Inequality in Rural China:Physical Assets or Human Capital?

Using a sample of 1320 households in 48 Chinese villages,this paper studies the reason of the income inequality in rural China.By means of the non-parameters method to estimate the income function,to main finding includes:The human capital is the main reason to enlarge the income inequity;the physical assets including land have no significance impacts on income inequity and in each different income quintile groups,the human capital have larger impact on household income than physical assets.