中国城镇居民的财产分配

本文利用住户调查数据对 1 995年的中国城镇住户的财产分配状况进行了经验分析 ,包括对财产分配的差距进行了测量 ,影响财产分配的主要因素进行了估计 ,并将中国城镇住户的财产分配进行了国际比较。与大部分市场经济国家相比 ,中国城镇居民之间财产分配的差距并不大。但是中国城镇居民的财产分配差距超过了收入分配差距 ,而且从长期趋势上可能会出现加速扩大的势头。中国城镇居民之间财产分配的不均等并非全是经济市场化过程的结果。一些不均等的原因来自于传统计划经济遗留下来的分配模式。本文还发现 ,在户主一生中财产积累出现了两个高峰值。这是与正统的生命周期理论不同的。本文还表明了财产分配和收入分配之间的较强相关性。

Distribution of Wealth among Urban and Township Households in China

This paper exhibits some empirical results for distribution of wealth among Chinese urban and township households based on the survey data in 1995,It also includes measures of inequality of wealth distribution,estimates of determinants of wealth accumulation and international comparison of wealth distribution in China with other countries.Comparing with some industrialized countries,the inequality of wealth distribution among Chinese urban and township households is narrower,but it tends to be increasingly growing in the future.Widening wealth inequality is not solely resulting from the marketisation of the Chinese economy. Some sources of wealth inequality come from the traditional planned economy such as public housing allocation.This paper presents two interesting findings.One is that there are two peaks in wealth accumulation of household heads,which is different from what the orthodox life cycle theory predicts.The another is that there is the relatively strong correlation between households' wealth and households' income.