有偏技术进步、要素替代与创新溢出效应——2000—2017年中国工业经验分析

在要素替代框架下，构建一个有偏技术进步的超越对数成本函数模型，利用2000—2017年中国工业面板数据估计有偏技术进步对创新溢出效应的影响。结果发现：资本和能源有偏技术进步对创新溢出存在显著负向效应，劳动有偏技术进步对创新溢出存在显著正向效应，而中间品有偏技术进步对创新溢出的正向效应不显著。进一步将要素替代弹性变量纳入模型后发现，当资本、劳动、能源和中间品替代弹性临界阈值分别高于2.864 0、5.234 1、6.453 2及4.163 9时，有偏技术进步对创新溢出具有显著正向效应。上述发现表明，技术进步遵循具有比较优势的创新资源，本质上有利于提升创新溢出效应。

Biased Technological Progress,Factor Substitution and Innovation Spillover Effect

This paper constructs a logarithmic cost function model of biased technological progress under the framework of factor substitution, and estimates the impact of biased technological progress on innovation spillover effect by using China's industrial panel data from 2000 to 2017.The study found：capital and energy biased technological progress on innovation spillover has a significant negative effect, labor biased technological progress on innovation spillover has significant positive effects, while the intermediate goods had a positive effect on the partial technology progress innovation spillover is not significant.The elasticity of substitution variables into the model and found that when the capital, labor, energy and intermediate goods, the elasticity of substitution threshold were higher than that of 2.864 0, 5.234 1, 6.453 2 and 4.164 9, there has a significant positive effect to enhance partial technology progress on innovation spillovers.The findings of this paper show that the technological progress follows the innovation resources with comparative advantage, which is beneficial to enhance the spillover effect of innovation.