科学技术有效流动与区域间非行政壁垒

协同创新要求突破创新主客体间壁垒，促进科学技术的有效流动以充分释放创新要素活力。构建了区域间科学技术流动潜力的引力模型，通过地区间地理距离、经济距离和技术距离矩阵，计算不同区域技术吸收水平，并利用改进的Romer模型计算了科学技术流动的地理壁垒、经济壁垒和技术壁垒。结果表明：①就全国整体而言，地理壁垒的约束作用最强，但在2009年以后弱化。技术壁垒的约束作用最小，在2014年以后有不断扩大的趋势。经济差距壁垒的变化趋势与总壁垒相同，是后期影响科学技术有效流动的最主要因素。中国科学技术流动的总壁垒呈现出在波动中减小的趋势，并先后由地理壁垒、经济壁垒和技术壁垒主导；②从空间上看，阻碍科学技术流动的非行政壁垒的空间分布差异显著，东北及西部沿边地区地理壁垒较为突出，东北、西北和中部地区的经济壁垒更为明显，而技术壁垒则主要集中在华北和西南地区。最后，根据研究结论提出相关政策建议，以促进区域间科学技术高效合理流动。

Flow of Science & Technology and Non-administrative Barriers between Regions

Collaborative innovation requires breaking through barriers between innovation subjects and objects, and promoting the flow of science and technology to release the vitality of innovation elements. This paper constructs a gravity model of the potential of inter-regional science and technology flow, calculates the technology absorption level of different degrees formed by the geographical, economic and technological differences between regions through the different matrix of geographical distance, economic distance and technological distance. Then, the geographical barriers, economic barriers and technological barriers of science and technology flow were calculated by the improved Romer model. The results are obtained as follows: As far as the whole country is concerned, geographical barriers have the strongest binding effect, but weakened after 2009; technological barriers have the least restrictive effect, but there was a growing trend after 2014; the trend of economic gap barriers is the same as the total barriers, which is the most important factor affecting the effective circulation of science and technology in the later period; the total barriers to the flow of science and technology in China show a trend of decreasing in fluctuation, and have been dominated by geographical barriers, economic barriers and technical barriers one after another. From a spatial perspective, non-administrative barriers hindering the flow of science and technology have obvious spatial distribution differences. Geographical barriers are more prominent in northeast and western border areas, and economic barriers are more obvious in northeast, northwest and central areas, while technical barriers are mainly concentrated in north and southwest areas. Finally, according to the conclusions of the study, relevant policy recommendations are put forward to promote the flow of science and technology among regions.