项目申请者“头衔”更有利于科研绩效提升吗——一个面向国家社科基金教育学项目产出的倒序评估

如何预判项目申请者的科研绩效是科研资助中的焦点问题。不同于传统做法，以已结题的国家社科基金教育学项目产出为既定绩效，利用倾向得分匹配方法，倒序评估项目申请者既有“头衔”对产出绩效的因果效应，结果发现：项目申请者“头衔”显著提升了科研绩效，较行政职务头衔，学术荣誉头衔带来的科研绩效提升更显著。但并非所有类型头衔都显著作用于科研绩效，确切地讲，教育部新世纪人才、国务院特殊津贴专家、校长、院长、研究所所长及副所长等头衔更有利于科研绩效提升。对此，基金主管部门可通过适当增加对有“头衔”者的资助，构建以成果为导向的资助方式，倡导以结项为依据的评价体系，开放以质量为核心的结题通道等途径改善科研项目绩效。

What is the Impact ofthe Applicant's “Title” on the Output Performance of Research Projects

How to predict the performance of an applicants is the focus of research funding.Different from the traditional way, this study use PSM method to test the causal effect of the applicant's “title” on its performance based on the data of National education science planning fund.We find that the “title” of the applicant significantly improves the performance; the performance improvement brought by the “academic honor title” is significantly higher; However, not all types of titles have significantly improved performance, Specifically, the title of “New Century Excellent Talents Supporting Plan”, “Government special allowance expert of the State Council”, headmasters, deans, director and deputy director of a research institute are more conducive to the improvement of performance.According to these findings, fund authorities can improve the performance by increasing the funding for those with “titles”, building results-oriented funding, advocating evaluation systems based on results, and opening up quality-centered completion channels.