中国特色世界一流大学建设背景下高校科技创新能力评价研究

在中国特色社会主义进入新时代的历史节点，习近平总书记多次发出建设中国特色世界一流大学的号召，研究高校科技创新能力有助于探索中国特色世界一流大学建设。基于资源配置理论，从科技创新资源条件、科技创新资源投入、科技创新活力和科技创新产出效益4个方面构建高校科技创新能力评价指标体系，并利用2010—2020年中国高校数据，从科技创新视角分析如何建设中国特色世界一流大学。结果发现，中国高校科技创新能力整体处于上升趋势，高校科技创新能力发展呈现区域性、阶段性和差异性特征；科技创新产出效益对高校科技创新能力的影响较大，而科技创新活力的影响较小；资本因素对科技创新能力的影响较大，而人才因素的影响较小。因此，中国高校应该重视优秀人才培养，参与国际交流和社会服务。研究结论有助于丰富新时代背景下高校科技创新能力研究，为中国特色世界一流大学建设提供参考依据。

The Technological Innovation Capability Evaluation of Universities under the Background of Constructing World-class Universities with Chinese Characteristics

The Chinese government is endeavoring to build a world-class university with Chinese characteristics. The study about the scientific and technological innovation capabilities of universities will help to explore the construction of world-class universities with Chinese characteristics. Universities should not only complete the fundamental task of building morality and cultivating people, but also continuously improve their scientific and technological innovation capabilities. Therefore, this paper takes scientific and technological innovation as the research perspective, and seeks for the improvement path of China's world-class university construction.Existing research on the evaluation system of scientific and technological innovation capability in universities has paid more attention on the measurement of multi-dimensional perspectives, and the measurement indicators include scientific research achievements and management level. Moreover the evaluation system highlights the scientific research environment and national policies, and pays attention to the impact of research results on the economy and society. Existing research not only focuses on the universities themselves, but also extends to the impact on the regional economy and society. Third, the evaluation system is centered on scientific research achievements. Scientific research results are an important indicator to measure the scientific and technological innovation capability of universities, and more attention may be paid to the quality of scientific research results in the future. At present, China is undergoing great changes in the external environment, national policies and educational concepts. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out systematic research in combination with the new requirements for the development of Chinese universities in the new era. This paper attempts to explore the path to promote the construction of world-class universities with Chinese characteristics from the perspective of scientific and technological innovation capabilities. Following the resource allocation theory, this study constructs an evaluation index system for the scientific and technological innovation capability of universities from four aspects: technological innovation resource conditions, technological innovation resource input, technological innovation and innovation vitality, and technological innovation output benefits. The main conclusions of this study are as follows. First, at present, the scientific and technological innovation capacity of universities in various regions of China present a regional, staged and differentiated development pattern. Overall, the technological innovation capabilities of universities in various regions are on the rise. Second, the output benefit of scientific and technological innovation has a greater impact on the scientific and technological innovation capacity of universities, while the impact of scientific and technological innovation vitality is small. There is a certain gap between the output benefits of scientific and technological innovation and the basic conditions of scientific and technological innovation, resource input and innovation vitality. Third, the human factor in universities has a small impact on the technological innovation capability, while the capital factor has a greater impact on the technological innovation capability.Forth, the current development of scientific and technological innovation capabilities in universities pays more attention to the transformation of economic value of scientific and technological achievements,weakening the diffusion of academic value and social benefits of research results. The government should encourage universities to improve their scientific and technological innovation capabilities, improve the intellectual property protection mechanism for scientific research achievements, and promote scientific and technological innovation activities in universities.The following recommendations are made. First, it is necessaary to improve the basic conditions for scientific and technological innovation. The government also needs to take into account different regional policies and resource allocation, encourage independent innovation of universities, and provide policy support. Second, there is the urgent need to optimize the competition mechanism, for the construction of world-class universities requires concentrated efforts,and allows some qualified universities to use their advantageous resources and policies to carry out scientific and technological innovation and give priority to some achievements. Third, it is essential to improve the resource allocation mechanism.It is necessary to strengthen scientific and technological innovation in universities, and encourage cooperation among universities, enterprises and the government. The fourth is to make full use of the advantages of abundant scientific and technological innovation resources, active innovative ideas and strong innovative atmosphere in universities in economically developed regions, and vigorously advocate scientific and technological innovation.