网络镶嵌激励创新驱动的知识与权力效应——来自256家在孵企业的实证

在知识经济与大数据智库联耦时代，我国正经历第四波“大众创业、万众创新”浪潮，深挖创新驱动的影响因素与过程效应，是培育打造高水平科研创新团队的重中之重。以我国高新技术企业科研团队为研究对象，基于知识螺旋与网络权力视角，针对我国16个省市高新技术制造领域的256家孵化企业开展实地考察和问卷调研，采用结构方程模型进行实证分析，检验网络镶嵌（关系镶嵌与结构镶嵌）—知识螺旋/网络权力—创新驱动的逻辑路径和影响机理。研究结果表明：网络镶嵌（关系镶嵌与结构镶嵌）显著正向影响创新驱动和知识螺旋；知识螺旋显著正向影响创新驱动，同时在网络镶嵌（关系镶嵌与结构镶嵌）对创新驱动的影响路径中发挥中介效应；网络权力正向调节知识螺旋的中介效应。

Knowledge and Power Impact of the Promotion from Network Embeddedness to Innovative Drive

Nowadays, we have entered the era of coupling the knowledge economy and big data think tanks, and the demand for innovation-driven is stronger and eager.In the process of innovation and practice of high-tech enterprises under the Chinese cultural background, due to a series of negative factors such as the intertwined network structure, the intricate network relationship, the need to improve the big data system, and the insufficient knowledge think tank platform, the innovation driving effect is not satisfactory.It is urgent to apply specific tools such as big data collaborative knowledge think tanks, network mosaics, knowledge spirals and network power to innovative practices.At the same time, corporate scientific research teams are also facing unprecedented tests and challenges.The key issue is how to use innovation-driven as an important engine, seamlessly connect the three technologies of network integration, knowledge spiral management, and big data think tank construction and exert their best effects to accelerate the construction of China's innovation system.There are three shortcomings in the existing research.First of all, the embedding methods of social networks include two types: structural mode and relational mode.Most scholars believe that these two types are separate and independent.Different network embedding modes have different impacts on innovative behavior.Therefore, mainstream research regards the two modes as different.It is an independent factor and if one of the mode is explored, the overall analysis effect is likely to be concealed.Secondly, in the intertwined network framework, the logical action path of the organizational network connection method on the innovation process is not pure and direct.It will inevitably be affected positively or negatively by other external factors, even though a small number of scholars have paid attention to knowledge management.The key value is in the social network, but the existing research results only focus on a single link or partial stage in the knowledge management, ignoring the overall process of the knowledge spiral cycle.Finally, in terms of research perspectives, existing research rarely discusses the influence mechanism of power.However, the network power that has gradually emerged in the evolution of social networks demonstrates the characteristics of dominance, authority, rewards and punishments, and only in a timely, appropriate, and appropriate manner.Only by exercising network power can network behavior be effectively regulated, and finally a virtuous circle of network order can be realized.Therefore, network power is also a factor to be investigated.There are four aspects of innovation in this research.First, the structural mode and relational mode of network mosaic are integrated, taking into account the overall effects and individual effects of the two mosaic types, in-depth discussion of the two branches of network mosaic theory research, and further the two nesting methods are compared for innovation-driven differentiated performance of influence mechanism.Secondly, in order to highlight the dynamic transmission characteristics of the knowledge spiral, the knowledge value chain model is introduced, namely connection, internalization, socialization, and externalization, to interpret the knowledge spiral operation system and circulation mechanism, and for the first time the three-dimensional knowledge spiral transformation process is mapped.Third, with the help of the innovation value chain model, namely the three steps of creativity generation, creativity transformation, and creativity diffusion, the in-depth explanation of the connotation concept, extensional nature, operation process and operation mechanism of innovation-driven, the continuous characteristics of innovation-driven are characterized, at the same time, the effectiveness of innovation-driven in the value-added and creative evolution of the value chain is interpreted in detail.Finally, from the perspective of knowledge spiral and network power, combined with the examples of scientific research teams of high-tech manufacturing incubation enterprises in 16 provinces and cities in China, this paper tests the intermediary effect of knowledge spiral in the logical path of network incentive and innovation drive, and further explores the network.Power is proved to have a positive regulatory effect on the mediating effect.The management enlightenment of this study is as follows.First of all, incubating companies should straighten out the characteristics of the network's embedded attributes, make full use of the existing network capital and competitive advantages, and maximize its effectiveness in the development of innovation-driven ideas, the transformation of scientific research, and the diffusion of results.Secondly, incubating companies should establish knowledge management awareness, clarify the knowledge spiral operation process and transformation mechanism, clarify the scope of research and development functions of scientific research teams, and efficiently enhance knowledge creation capabilities and value appreciation capabilities.Finally, from the perspective of network power, incubating companies should formulate rigorous and standardized rules and regulations, create an orderly operating environment, and exercise network power in a compliant, sensible, reasonable, timely, appropriate and appropriate manner, and be brave to assume responsibility and be proactive, fulfill obligations and manage network order fairly, efficiently deploy network resources, and couple network relationships.