高技术产业军民共生模式与发展路径研究

高技术产业是国家军民融合发展的核心领域，构建完善有效的军民生态系统是助力军民融合有序发展、激发军民互动活力的基础。基于共生理论与Logistic增长理论，设计高技术产业军民共生系统框架，构建高技术产业军民共生演化方程。选取雷达及其配套设备制造业等典型产业，对其发展趋势进行拟合，并模拟和分析高技术产业军民共生的各类模式及参数。结果表明，1995—2019年，高技术产业主营业务收入与我国经济发展趋势总体协调，推进高技术产业军民共生发展需要激发新的增长活力。在高技术产业发展中，互惠共生是高技术产业军民共生模式生成新能量的主要模式，提高军民共生系数、扩大产业规模容量是提升军民共生能量层级的重要路径。在此基础上，从建设互惠共生交流机制、建设双向能量流动机制、优化互惠共生界面、扩大高技术产业容量、推动产业链协同5个方面凝炼推动高技术产业军民共生发展的对策建议。

The Mode and Development Path of Civil-Military Symbiosis in High-Tech Industry

High-tech industry is the core field of national civil-military integration and development. The formation of a complete and effective civil-military ecosystem is the basis for promoting the orderly development of civil-military integration and stimulating the interaction between the military and the civilian fields. The changes of the civil-military relations are closely focused the overall development environment and the contemporary needs. From the perspective of economic system operation, although there are many differences between national defense construction and economic construction, they have never been completely independent operating systems. Therefore, it is precisely the discontinuity of civil military interaction that hinders the formation of an integrated national strategic system and capability. A detailed portrayal of the symbiotic relationship and symbiotic mode between military and civilian in the development of high-tech industries can provide an effective observation perspective for a more optimized and long-lasting civil-military interaction model. Although the research on the development model of civil-military integration is extensive at this stage, most of the studies are qualitative studies at the static level, andignore the dynamic and evolutionary characteristics of the development of civil-military integration to a certain extent. #br#Drawing on the symbiosis theory, this paper aims to construct a framework of civil-military symbiosis system and symbiotic evolution equation for high-tech industry. By considering the logistic growth curve, the various modes and parameters of civil-military symbiosis in high-tech industries are analyzed with radar and its supporting equipment manufacturing, semiconductor discrete device manufacturing, and integrated circuit manufacturing as typical high-tech industries. Simulations are carried out for independent development, parasitic development, biased symbiosis and reciprocal symbiosis. #br#The results show that the quantity of enterprises in high-tech industries, such as my radar and its supporting equipment manufacturing, semiconductor discrete device manufacturing, and integrated circuit manufacturing, has been increased with volatility during 1995-2019. The main revenue of high-tech industries is generally coordinated with the development trend of national economy, and new growth dynamics need to be stimulated to promote the symbiotic development of high-tech industries in the civil-military sector. In the process of industrial development, reciprocal symbiosis is the main mode of generating new energy in the civil-military symbiosis mode of high technology industry. It is an essential path to enhance the energy level of civil-military symbiosis by improving the coefficient of civil-military symbiosis and expanding the scale capacity of the industry . #br#Reciprocal symbiosis is development of incremental energy that is beneficial to both partners of the symbiosis, in which asymmetric and symmetric reciprocal symbiosis correspond to the two manifestations of new energy allocation in reciprocal symbiosis, respectively. The asymmetric reciprocal symbiosis of high-tech industries realizes the joint growth of military and civilian enterprises, and the final evolutionary scale of both types of enterprises is larger than the set maximum size. It shows that the additional energy generated by the reciprocal symbiosis process is allocated to the development of both types of enterprises according to the symbiosis coefficient. The energy distribution process of reciprocal symbiosis illustrates that the high-tech industry has a two-way exchange of civil-military integration which is also one of the basic mechanisms of civil-military integration to promote new energy in the industry. The symmetric reciprocal symbiosis pattern is formed when the new energy of the high technology industry is symmetrically distributed between military and civilian enterprises. Similar to the evolutionary trajectory of asymmetric reciprocal symbiosis, both military and civilian enterprises eventually obtain an industrial scale larger than the set maximum, which likewise expresses the need for a communication mechanism for civil-military integration. In addition, symmetric reciprocity is an ideal symbiotic model with a balanced exchange mechanism. The symmetrical distribution of the new energy generated allows the military and civilian enterprises to obtain reciprocal development opportunities. #br#The development path and policy suggestions for accelerating the civil-military integration of high-tech industries are summarized from five aspects: mutual-symbiosis communication mechanism, two-way energy flow mechanism, optimize the mutual-symbiosis interface, expand the capacity of high-tech industries, and promote the coordination of industrial chains. This study is expected to provide theoretical reference for activating the vitality of civil-military integration in high-tech industry, and promote the development of civil-military scientific and technological innovation and upgrading of industrial structure.#br#