电子信息产业国内价值链省域比较优势测度及空间差异研究

为应对后疫情时代全球电子信息产业加剧的“比较优势陷阱”，中国亟需通过国内价值链省域比较优势的互补协同提升整体国际竞争力。在价值链产品内，基于垂直专业化分工框架，兼顾增值能力与劳动生产率两个维度，使用非竞争型投入占用产出模型，设计一个评测国家内部区域电子信息产业真实比较优势的新指标。结果表明，东部沿海省域比较优势强度与广度最为显著，内陆省域比较优势集中于上游能源型部门；制造业部门比较优势凸显，服务业部门比较优势相对薄弱；比较优势高省域集中度与低省域集中度的产业部门中，均存在整体比较优势强弱差异，其中，高省域集中度产业部门比较优势强度更高。

The Measurement and Spatial Difference of Provincial Comparative Advantage of Electronic Information Industry National Value Chain

With the tension tension of Sino-US game, the western countries have strengthened the technological blockade of the electronic information industry against China. The external crises and challenges have further highlighted the bottlenecks and disadvantages of at the present stage, which is mainly embedded in the middle and low end of the global value chain with low factor costs (especially labor) and environmental resources. If China's electronic information industry can not rise from low-tech industry to high-tech industry with the comparative advantages, it will be difficult for China to cross the comparative advantage trap and even threat national security. As a large country with a vast territory and significant differences in domestic resource endowments, China has the great potential to use the spatial differences of provincial comparative advantages to build an inter-provincial division and cooperation system on national value chain, so as to improve the independent technology research and development and overall comparative advantage of electronic information industry. Under the condition of vertical division of labor within products, the total trade statistic method of the traditional comparative advantage theory can not avoid the "statistical illusion", resulting in the falseness of the conclusion. Therefore, it has become a scientific proposition with research value to comprehensively and objectively evaluate the inter-provincial comparative advantages and spatial differences of China's electronic information industry national value chain.#br#Within the framework of vertical specialization in value chain products, taking into account the two dimensions of value-added capacity and labor productivity, this paper designs and puts forward a new index to evaluate the real comparative advantage of regional electronic information industry within the country. By using non-competitive input-output model and non-competitive input-occupancy-output model, this paper makes an empirical study based on the relevant data of China Provincial Input-Output Table and China Labor Statistics Yearbook. The research firstly takes into account the value-added ability index and labor productivity index of comparative advantage, and designs a two-dimensional evaluation index of provincial industrial comparative advantage that can effectively avoid the statistical illusion. Then it measures and screens the core related industries of the national value chain of the electronic information industry, evaluates the comparative advantages of 31 provinces in the upstream and downstream division of labor, and analyzes their spatial differences from the three levels of region, province and industrial sector. Thirdly the study designs and puts forward the provincial primacy of comparative advantage, and analyzes the provincial concentration degree of comparative advantage in each division of labor of the national value chain of electronic information industry. Corresponding policy suggestions to improve the overall comparative advantage of China's electronic information industry national value chain are proposed.#br#The results show that the strength and breadth of the comparative advantage of the eastern coastal provinces are the most significant, while the comparative advantage of the inland provinces is concentrated in the upstream energy sectors. The comparative advantage of the manufacturing sector is prominent, while the comparative advantage of the service sector is relatively weak. In the industrial sectors with high and low provincial concentration of comparative advantage, there are differences in the strength of the overall comparative advantage at the same time. Among them, the comparative advantage intensity of industrial sectors with high provincial concentration is relatively higher.#br#The possible innovations of this paper are as follows. Firstly, since the one-dimensional index is not comprehensive enough to evaluate the comparative advantage of regional industries, the RCA index is transformed into VRCA index with trade added value and the VRCA index is used to weight the domestic added value and construct the value-added ability index. while the labor productivity index is constructed by measuring the complete employment demand coefficient of provincial industries, and finally a two-dimensional evaluation index of provincial industrial comparative advantage which can effectively avoid the statistical illusion is designed. Secondly, in order to fit the trade characteristics of the national value chain, this paper makes an objective and comprehensive analysis on the provincial domestic value-added capacity of China's electronic information industry, and uses the improved non-competitive input-occupancy-output model to decompose the foreign export added value and domestic output added value of the provincial industry. Thirdly, with reference to the law of the primate city, this paper measures the provincial primacy of comparative advantage and explores the provincial concentration degree of comparative advantage in each division of labor of electronic information industry national value chain.#br#