社会资本与技术支持对学术虚拟社区知识共享的影响——基于科学网平台的知识共享要素分析

学术虚拟社区是广大学者和科研工作者进行知识交流与探讨的重要平台，也是学术碰撞和知识创新的新阵地。通过构建社会资本与技术支持对用户知识共享行为影响的理论模型，探讨社会资本（关系资本、结构资本、认知资本）和技术支持（感知有用性、感知易用性）对社区用户知识共享行为（知识共享质量和数量）的作用机理。结果表明，关系资本与结构资本分别对学术虚拟社区知识共享质量和数量具有显著正向影响，属于持续动力。伴随其它因素介入，认知资本对学术社区知识共享数量产生正向影响，技术支持对知识共享的影响具有显著差异，感知易用性对学术社区知识共享质量和数量均具有显著正向影响，而感知有用性对知识共享质量具有显著负向影响。基于此，提出社区管理者应采取措施拓展用户社会资本并加强平台技术支持，以实现学术虚拟社区可持续发展。

The Influence of Social Capital and Technical Support on Knowledge Sharing in Academic Virtual Communities: An Analysis of Knowledge Sharing Elements Based on the Platform of Science Net

With the rapid development of Internet and information technology, academic virtual communities have become important platforms for knowledge exchange and discussion, as well as a new frontier for academic collision and knowledge innovation. Academic virtual community is an important form of informal academic exchange. Compared with formal academic exchange, academic knowledge exchange between the virtual community has the incomparable efficiency. Users can communicate directly in the academic virtual community to accelerate the flow of knowledge. In the community, users are equal and open, and they can freely express their views and thoughts. Academic virtual community enables the rapid dissemination of information and knowledge in a short time, and plays an important role in the process of knowledge acquisition, sharing, transfer and creation. At present, there are many academic virtual communities in China, such as “MuChong”, “Jingguan Zhi Jia”, “Science Network” and “DXY”.While the academic community is booming, problems are increasingly highlighted, such as the quality of knowledge sharing, the mutual trust between members and the management of community platforms. Thus this paper centers around how to solve the problems of low user activity and low enthusiasm for knowledge sharing in the academic virtual community, and improve users' willingness to share knowledge.#br#Some scholars analyse the driving factors of users' knowledge sharing behavior, and explore the influence of different dimensions of social capital on individual knowledge sharing behavior, but there are still some problems. On the one hand, the data sources of most articles are online or offline users' questionnaires. The data obtained in this way is usually small in quantity and subjective to a certain extent. On the other hand, scholars mostly use a single theory to explain the influencing factors of knowledge sharing in virtual community, but virtual learning community is an ecosystem of knowledge sharing, so the explanation of the knowledge sharing effect in virtual learning community based on a single theory may be seriously one-sided. Academic virtual community is an online social network system that relies on information technology. Its knowledge sharing process and results are affected by social capital and technical support, but these two factors are rarely analyzed. Therefore, this study aims to explore how to promote users of academic community to participate in knowledge sharing behavior from a systematic perspective.#br#On the basis of the social capital theory and technology acceptance model, this paper puts forward the corresponding research assumptions and establishes a model to study the influence of social capital and technology support on knowledge sharing behavior. By reviewing the literature, it divides the structural capital into three dimensions: relational capital, structural capital and cognitive capital, and divides the technical support into perceived usefulness and perceived ease of use, so as to explore its impact on the quantity and quality of knowledge sharing. Then the study uses Python crawler technology to crawl the user information from the management comprehensive section of the Web of Science Network , and makes the zero-inflated negative binomial (ZINB) regression analysis to conduct empirical research on the hypothesis.#br#The results show that relational capital and structural capital respectively have a significant positive impact on the quality and quantity of knowledge sharing in the academic virtual community, and they are the continuous driving forces; cognitive capital, with the intervention of other factors, has a certain positive effect on the amount of knowledge sharing; the impact of technical support on knowledge sharing varies significantly, and the perceived ease of use has a significant positive impact on the quality and quantity of knowledge sharing, while perceived usefulness has a significant negative impact on the quality of knowledge sharing. According to the research results, this paper suggests to build an interest-based social circle to promote the interaction between community users, adopt the real-name system to build a high-quality community with mutual trust, standardize the points and gold coin award system to enhance users' activity, check the contents of knowledge sharing to ensure the quality on the platform and provide personalized services for users.#br#