产学合作对粤港澳大湾区高校双元知识产出增长的影响

利用2011-2020年粤港澳大湾区67所高校纵向数据，采用随机系数模型，考察高校双元活动效率增长趋势、产学合作对高校双元知识产出增长的影响以及制度环境的调节作用。研究结果表明：(1)随着时间推移，粤港澳大湾区高校创新研发与学术研究的双元知识产出整体呈现出显著提升趋势；(2)不同制度环境下高校双元活动产出效率的增长存在明显差异，其中，广东高校创新研发的产出效率增长高于港澳高校，港澳高校学术研究的产出效率增长则高于广东高校；(3)产学合作对粤港澳大湾区高校双元知识产出增长具有显著正向作用，良好的制度环境强化了产学合作对双元知识产出的促进作用，使得产学合作对广东高校双元知识产出的促进作用强于港澳高校。

The Impact of University-industry Cooperation on the Growth of Ambidextrous Output of Universities in Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area

In order to construct an innovative country,universities are expected to have the ambidexterity capacity of exploring basic frontier and developing original innovation at the same time. Academic research,innovation and development are different kinds of knowledge creation activities that constitute the ambidextrous output of universities through combination and coexistence. The innovation-driven development strategy also promotes colleges and universities in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area to participate in university-industry interaction through diversified channels, and it plays an important role in enhancing their ambidexterity capacity and realizing collaborative innovation in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. In this context, it has become a key issue to clarify how to promote ambidextrous output growth through university-industry cooperation to play the essential role of scientific and technological innovation in the construction of the innovation system in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area. The existing studies have shown that university-industry cooperation has a significant positive effect on innovation,development and academic research. However, the above two kinds of knowledge innovation activities are not considered at the same time, and thus the ambidextrous characteristics of knowledge creation activities in colleges and universities are ignored. In addition, most of the existing studies only discuss the influence of university-industry cooperation on ambidextrous output from a static perspective, ignoring the time effect of ambidextrous output, and there is a lack of discussion on the growth trajectory of ambidextrous output. According to the theory of regional innovation system, the innovation background of different regions will have a differentiated impact on the formation of university-industry cooperation connection. Previous studies have found that the ambidextrous output is moderated by the institutional environment, but there is a lack of discussion of the context in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.Hencethis paper conducts research on this aspect based on university-industry interaction theory and organizational ambidexterity theoryto investigate the universities’ growth trend of ambidextrous output, the effect of university-industry cooperation on the growth of ambidextrous output, and the moderating effect of institutional environment on them. #br#This paper establishes the random coefficient model (RCM) with the longitudinal data of 67 universities in the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area from 2011 to 2020 to explore the differences in the growth of ambidextrous output and differential impact of university-industry cooperation on the universities’ growth of ambidextrous output under different institutional environments. The results show that firstly there is a significant growth trend over time of ambidextrous output of innovation and development and academic research of universities. Secondly there are significant differences in the efficiency growth of ambidextrous activities of universities in different institutional environments. The growth of innovation and development output of universities in Guangdong is significantly greater than that in Hong Kong and Macao, and the growth of academic research output in Hong Kong and Macao is significantly greater than Guangdong. Thirdly university-industry cooperation has a significant positive effect on the growth of ambidextrous output, and the favorable institutional environment reinforces the positive impact of university-industry cooperation on the growth of ambidextrous output. The promoting effect of university-industry cooperation on the growth of ambidextrous output of universities in Guangdong is greater than those in Hong Kong and Macao. #br#This paper integrates university-industry interaction innovation theory and organizational ambidexterity theory. It divides ambidextrous output into innovation and development and academic research, enriching the research on the relationship between these two aspects and university-industry cooperation in the particular field. Different from previous research, this paper innovatively introduces the effect of time to ambidextrous output, so as to explore the universities' growth of ambidextrous output from a dynamic perspective. The conclusions of this paper have important reference values for the university-industry collaborative innovation policy and the innovation system construction of the Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area.#br#