知识型员工冗余对中小上市公司二元创新的影响：环境特征的调节作用

以277家中小板和创业板上市公司2012-2017年平衡面板数据为样本，利用泊松模型，实证分析知识型员工冗余与企业二元创新的关系，并探讨外部环境特征（要素市场发育程度和市场不确定性）的调节机理。研究表明：企业应保持一定的知识型员工冗余，促进企业二元式创新，过多或过少的知识型员工冗余均不利于企业开展创新活动；不同的环境特征对二者间关系的调节作用存在异质性，要素市场发育程度会减弱知识型员工冗余与探索式创新、利用式创新间关系，而市场不确定性会加强知识型员工冗余与探索式创新、利用式创新间关系。

Effect of Knowledge Worker Slack on Small and Medium-Sized Enterprise's Ambidextrous Innovation:the Moderation Role of Environment Characteristic

Knowledge worker bear the main responsibility of technological innovation in knowledge-based economy. A few studies discussed the influence of human resource slack on innovation, but how knowledge worker slack work on different types of innovation has not been referred to. Using panel data of 277 listed companies in Small and Medium-Sized Plate from year 2012 to 2017 as sample, this paper employed Poisson Model to analyze the relationship between knowledge worker slack and ambidextrous innovation. Then, try to probe the moderation role of external environment characteristic (such as development level of factor market and market uncertainty). Studies show that knowledge worker slack plays an inverted U-shaped role in both exploitative innovation and exploration innovation, that is to say, too much or too little knowledge worker slack is not good to conduct different types innovative activities; the moderating effect of different environmental characteristics are heterogeneous between them. The role knowledge worker slack plays on both exploitative innovation and exploration innovation is weaken by development level of factor market. The influence knowledge worker slack has on both exploitative innovation and exploration innovation is strengthened by market uncertainty.