开放式创新对节能环保企业创新绩效的影响

节能环保企业是节能环保技术创新的重要主体，通过构建理论模型，以上海89家企业数据为基础，就开放式创新对节能环保企业创新绩效的影响进行实证分析。研究发现，节能环保企业对开放式创新具有较强的依赖性，但开放式创新对节能环保企业创新同时具有促进效应和替代效应，外部知识互动提升了节能环保企业创新绩效，也可能导致外部技术依赖；开放式创新在技术开发和创新成果转化上的影响存在差异，节能环保企业应结合不同创新阶段和企业自身特征有效开展外部创新合作；开放式创新需建立在企业内部创新投入的基础之上，节能环保企业应重视内部创新投入与外部技术消化吸收，实现内外部创新要素叠加。

Impact of Open Innovation on the Innovation Performance of Energy-saving and Environmental Protection Enterprises

Energy-saving and environmental protection enterprises are important players in China’s green technology innovation. By constructing a theoretical model, based on the data of 89 companies in Shanghai, this paper conducts an empirical analysis of the impact of open innovation on energy-saving and environmental protection enterprises’ innovation performance. This paper finds that energy-saving and environmental protection enterprises have a strong dependence on open innovation. But the impact of open innovation on energy-saving and environmental protection enterprises’ innovation performance is complex, where are both “promotion effects” and “substitution effects”. The interaction of external knowledge improves the innovation performance of energy-saving and environmental protection enterprises, and may also lead to external technology dependence. Second, the impact of open innovation on technological development and commercialization of research findings is different. Energy-saving and environmental protection enterprises should effectively carry out external innovation cooperation by considering innovation stages and its own characteristics. Third, open innovation needs to be built on the basis of internal innovation input of enterprises. Energy-saving and environmental protection enterprises should pay attention to internal innovation input and external technology digestion and absorption, and realize the superposition of internal and external innovation elements.