林权流转的多维动因分析与激励路径选择

林权制度改革后,我国南方集体林的绝大部分实行了家庭联产承包责任制,家庭承包责任制催生林地流转,小规模林地经营状况为林地流转创造条件。当前,林权流转呈加速趋势。林权流转的动因包括三个层次,劳动力城镇化转移、林业的比较效益低、林业产业结构的调整等微观层次原因,林地规模经营、林区经济发展等中观层次原因,林业实现国际化、林区家庭承包制继续稳定发展、国家的政策法律等宏观层次原因。所以,可以选择以下路径激励林权流转的加速：稳定和强化农户的土地使用权,强调承包权能的独立存在;加强林地使用权流转机制建设;建立市场中介组织,完善土地承包经营权流转体系市场;推进城镇化进程,农村劳动力的转移,逐步建立和完善农村社会保障体系;加强农民职业教育,转变农户传统经营观念。

Transfer of Multidimensional Reason Analysis and Incentive Path Selection

After the forest right system reform, the majority of the household contract responsibility system exists in southern collective forest area; the family has contracted responsibility system. The small forest management status is to be circulated for creating conditions. Currently, the circulation of forest is accelerating. Transfer of motivation includes three levels： reason： labor, micro level of urbanization, forestry, low comparative benefits of forestry industry structure adjustment; reason： the micro level, forest land scale operation, economic development; reason： the macroscopic level of forestry realize internationalization, forest in the household contract responsibility system continues to develop stably and national policies and laws. Transfer of incentive path： stability and strengthen the land, emphasize the farmers can further the independent existence, strengthen woodlands circulation system construction, establish the market intermediary organizations, perfect the contracted land circulation system, promote the urbanization process and the transfer of rural labor force, gradually establish and perfect rural social security system, strengthen vocational education, and change the peasant farmers of traditional management idea.