中国老年人生活成本和标准消费系数测算

采用直接支出法和2006年中国城乡老年人口状况追踪调查数据,对老年人的生活成本进行测算,得到不同地区、不同收入水平和不同年龄的老年人生活成本。该成本是一个年度的静态的成本,为了能够对年度的成本进行更新,提出老年人生活成本标准消费系数的概念,目的在于利用这个标准消费系数和每年国家统计局公布的家庭人均消费支出年度调查数据,对老年人的生活成本进行年度更新。据老年人生活成本标准消费系数,老年人的生活成本是家庭人均成本的1.9倍左右。需要尽快完善城乡老年人社会保障制度,加大养老保险的筹资力度,弥补其生活支出的不足,并在减贫和最低生活保障政策中考虑老年人的额外支出,以期有效改善我国老年人的生活质量。

Measuring the Living Costs and Standard Consumption Coefficient of Senior Citizens in China

The purpose of this paper is to use the expenditure method to measure the living cost of senior citizens in China,using the Sampling Survey of the Aged Population in Urban and Rural China 2006.In order to update the living cost,we use the standard elder's consumption coefficient(SECC) which shows the relation between living cost of elderly and average cost of household members,to update the living cost every year.According to the SECC,the living cost of elderly is 1.9 times of the other members in the household.And it is urgent to improve the coverage and subsidy of the social policies to ensure the living of the senior citizens in China.