企业出口之动态效应研究-来自中国制造业企业的经验:2001-2007

本文对中国企业的出口选择及其学习效应进行研究。结果表明:中国同样存在优质企业做出口的现象;出口会迅速实现企业的规模扩张;出口企业通过出口学习会给企业带来生产率的短期提高,而后出现动态衰减。我们的研究启示是:依附低端制造和外生出口贸易中介的中国企业,通过进入国际市场虽然取得了规模上的快速扩张,但在效率提升上却收获甚微,动态地来看,中国做出口的优质企业可能会演变为更劣质的企业。

Dynamic Effect of Exporting:Evidence from Chinese Manufacturing Firms(2001-2007)

Based on the firm-level data of Chinese manufacturing industries,this paper investigates which type of firms choose to export and what benefits does exporting bring to the exporters.Firstly,we confirm the"selection effect"which predicts good firms are more likely to enter the export market;Secondly,it appears that exporting speeds up firms’scale expansion,the"learning effect"uplifts firms’productivity in the short run but the effect soon diminishes and eventually turns out to be negative.Our empirical results reveal that,Chinese manufacturing export firms,who still focus on low-value-added production and export through trade intermediaries,have gained rapid scale expansion but little productivity growth.Dynamically,those exporters might end up with inferior enterprises.